How Refute detects coordinated manipulation
Two complementary layers: behavioural clustering of account networks and linguistic signal analysis of content. Together they produce a single, actionable authenticity score in under five seconds.
Book a DemoFrom a URL to a verdict
Submit any story URL or account handle. Refute returns an authenticity score, a confidence band, a list of flagged signals, and an account network map showing who is amplifying the content.
Story URL scoring
Paste any article URL and Refute maps the account network distributing it, checks for coordinated amplification, and scores the content signals in the story itself.
Account handle scoring
Submit an account handle and Refute analyses posting cadence, coordinated timing patterns, network overlap with known inauthentic clusters, and historical behaviour.
Authenticity score 0-100
Each score comes with a confidence band and a breakdown of which signals contributed most. Low scores include an evidence summary ready to share with your compliance or editorial board.
Network map
Visualise the cluster of accounts amplifying a story, flagged nodes shown in red, confirmed authentic accounts in teal. Export as SVG for presentations or compliance filings.
The three layers of analysis
Every Refute score is the product of three independent analysis layers, each examining a different dimension of authenticity.
Posting cadence anomalies, coordinated timing windows where dozens of accounts post within seconds of each other, and shared device signals that indicate centralised operation. These patterns distinguish organic engagement from manufactured amplification.
Linguistic fingerprinting detects template similarity across posts from different accounts, unusual phrasing clusters, and recycled narrative structures. Content from coordinated operations consistently shows lower linguistic variation than organic commentary.
Graph clustering of accounts amplifying a story reveals inauthentic networks: tightly-connected subgraphs with low follower diversity, hub-spoke amplification patterns, and temporal synchronisation that no organic group exhibits.
Fits your existing workflow
Scored results go wherever your team already works. No workflow changes required.